Latanoprost is a potent and selective agonist of Prostaglandin F receptor (FP). It activates FP, a G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR), with EC50 of 10 nM, and with at least 500-fold selectivty over other Prostaglandin receptors. (1) Upon activation, FP promotes the decrease of intraocular pressure and contraction of smooth muscle.

Clinically, Latanoprost (aka Xalatan(r)) is used as a topical ophthalmic solution for controlling the progression of glaucoma or ocular hypertension by increasing the outflow of aqueous fluid from the eyes, therefore reducing intraocular pressure. (2)